? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2002 may, 2002 rev. 5 1 publication order number: cs52073/d cs5207-3 7.0 a, 3.3 v fixed linear regulator the cs52073 linear regulator provides 7.0 a @ 3.3 v with an accuracy of 2.0 %. the regulator is intended for use as post regulator and microprocessor supply. the fast loop response and low dropout voltage make these regulators ideal for applications where low voltage operation and good transient response are important. the circuit is designed to operate with dropout voltages as low as 1.0 v depending on the output current level. the maximum quiescent current is only 10 ma at full load. the regulator is fully protected against overload conditions with protection circuitry for safe operating area (soa), overcurrent and thermal shutdown. the cs52073 is available in to220 and surface mount d 2 packages. features ? output current to 7.0 a ? output voltage trimmed to 2.0% ? dropout voltage 1.4 v @ 7.0 a ? fast transient response ? fault protection circuitry thermal shutdown overcurrent protection safe area protection figure 1. block diagram + thermal shutdown bandgap output current limit error amplifier v out gnd v in device package shipping ordering information cs52073gt3 to220* 50 units/rail cs52073gdp3 d 2 pak* 50 units/rail cs52073gdpr3 d 2 pak* 750 tape & reel *to220 are all 3pin, straight leaded. d 2 pak are all 3pin. d 2 pak 3pin d2t suffix case 418e to220 three lead t suffix case 221a 1 2 3 tab = v out pin 1. gnd 2. v out 3. v in marking diagrams cs52073 awlyww 1 cs52073 awlyww 1 d 2 pak to220 a = assembly location wl, l = wafer lot yy, y = year ww, w = work week 1 2 3 http://onsemi.com
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 2 maximum ratings* parameter value unit supply voltage, v cc 17 v operating temperature range 40 to +70 c junction temperature 150 c storage temperature range 60 to +150 c lead temperature soldering: wave solder (through hole styles only) note 1 reflow (smd styles only) note 2 260 peak 230 peak c c 1. 10 second maximum. 2. 60 second maximum above 183 c *the maximum package power dissipation must be observed. electrical characteristics (c in = 10 m f, c out = 22 m f tantalum, v in v out = 3.0 v, v in 15 v, 0 c t a 70 c, t j +150 c, unless otherwise specified, i full load = 7.0 a) characteristic test conditions min typ max unit 3.3 v fixed output voltage output voltage (notes 3 and 4) v in v out = 1.6 v; 10 ma i out 7.0 a 3.234 (2.0%) 3.300 3.366 (+2.0%) v line regulation 1.6 v v in v out 6.0 v; i out = 10 ma 0.04 0.20 % load regulation (notes 3 and 4) v in v out = 1.6 v; 10 ma i out 7.0 a 0.13 0.5 % dropout voltage (note 5) i out = 7.0 a 1.4 1.55 v current limit v in v out = 3.0 v; t j 25 c v in v out = 9.0 v 7.1 8.5 1.0 a a quiescent current v in 9.0 v; i out = 10 ma 5.0 10 ma thermal regulation 30 ms pulse, t a = 25 c 0.003 %w ripple rejection f = 120 hz; i out = 7.0 a 80 db temperature stability 0.5 % rms output noise (%v out ) 10 hz f 10 khz; t a = 25 c 0.003 %v out thermal shutdown 150 180 c thermal shutdown hysteresis 25 c 3. load regulation and output voltage are measured at a constant junction temperature by low duty cycle pulse testing. changes i n output voltage due to thermal gradients or temperature changes must be taken into account seperately. 4. specifications apply for an external kelvin sense connection at a point on the output pin 1/4o from the bottom of the package . 5. dropout voltage is a measurement of the minimum input/output differential at full load. package pin description package pin number to220 d 2 pak pin symbol function 1 1 gnd ground connection. 2 2 v out regulated output voltage (case). 3 3 v in input voltage.
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 3 typical performance characteristics figure 2. dropout voltage vs. output current figure 3. output voltage vs. temperature figure 4. load regulation vs. output current figure 5. ripple rejection vs. frequency t j ( c) 0.10 10 output voltage deviation (%) 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 frequency (hz) ripple rejection (db) 10 1 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 t case = 25 c i out = 7.0 a (v in v out ) = 3.0 v v ripple = 1.6 v pp 1 output current (a) output current (a) dropout voltage (v) output voltage deviation (%) 0.200 0 1.55 1.50 1.45 1.40 1.35 1.30 1.25 1.20 1.15 1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0 234567 0.175 0.150 0.125 0.100 0.075 0.050 0.025 0.000 1234567 t case = 0 c t case = 125 c t case = 25 c t case = 25 c t case = 125 c t case = 0 c
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 4 applications information the cs52073 linear regulator provides a fixed 3.3 v output currents up to 7.0 a. the regulator is protected against short circuit, and includes thermal shutdown and safe area protection (soa) circuitry. the soa protection circuitry decreases the maximum available output current as the inputoutput differential voltage increase. the cs52073 has a composite pnpnpn output transistor and requires an output capacitor for stability. a detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is included in the stability considerations section. stability considerations the output or compensation capacitor helps determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator: startup delay, load transient response, and loop stability. the capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. a tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is best, since a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero esr can cause instability. the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive solution. however, when the circuit operates at low temperatures, both the value and esr of the capacitor will vary considerably. the capacitor manufacturer's data sheet provides this information. a 22 m f tantalum capacitor will work for most applications, but with high current regulators such as the cs52073 the transient response and stability improve with higher values of capacitance. the majority of applications for this regulator involve large changes in load current so the output capacitor must supply the instantaneous load current. the esr of the output capacitor causes an immediate drop in output voltage given by: v i esr for microprocessor applications it is customary to use an output capacitor network consisting of several tantalum and ceramic capacitors in parallel. this reduces the overall esr and reduces the instantaneous output voltage drop under transient load conditions. the output capacitor network should be as close to the load as possible for the best results. protection diodes when large external capacitors are used with a linear regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes. if the input voltage of the regulator gets shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. the discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage and the rate at which v in drops. in the cs52073 regulator, the discharge path is through a large junction and protection diodes are not usually needed. if the regulator is used with large values of output capacitance and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. in this case, a diode connected as shown in figure 6 is recommended. figure 6. protection diode scheme for fixed output regulator v in cs52073 v out gnd v out v in c 1 c 2 in4002 (optional) output voltage sensing since the cs52073 is a three terminal regulator, it is not possible to provide true remote load sensing. load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. best load regulation occurs when the regulator is connected to the load as shown in figure 7. figure 7. grounding scheme for the output regulator to minimize parasitics v in v in v out cs52073 conductor parasitic resistance r load r c
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 5 calculating power dissipation and heat sink requirements the cs52073 linear regulator includes thermal shutdown and safe operating area circuitry to protect the device. high power regulators such as these usually operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to ensure that an adequate heat sink is used. the case is connected to v out on the cs52073, electrical isolation may be required for some applications. thermal compound should always be used with high current regulators such as these. the thermal characteristics of an ic depend on the following four factors: 1. maximum ambient temperature t a ( c) 2. power dissipation p d (watts) 3. maximum junction temperature t j ( c) 4. thermal resistance junction to ambient r q ja ( c/w) these four are related by the equation t j t a p d r ja (1) the maximum ambient temperature and the power dissipation are determined by the design while the maximum junction temperature and the thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. the maximum power dissipation for a regulator is: p d(max) { v in(max) v out(min) } i out(max) v in(max) i q (2) where: v in(max) is the maximum input voltage, v out(min) is the minimum output voltage, i out(max) is the maximum output current, for the application i q is the maximum quiescent current at i out(max) . a heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the ic and into the surrounding air. each material in the heat flow path between the ic and the outside environment has a thermal resistance. like series electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to determine r q ja , the total thermal resistance between the junction and the surrounding air. 1. thermal resistance of the junction to case, r q jc ( c/w) 2. thermal resistance of the case to heat sink, r q cs ( c/w) 3. thermal resistance of the heat sink to the ambient air, r q sa ( c/w) these are connected by the equation: r ja r jc r cs r sa (3) the value for r q ja is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). r q jc is 1.6 c/watt for the cs52073. for a high current regulator such as the cs52073 the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor section. the value for r q sa depends on the heat sink type, while r q cs depends on factors such as package type, heat sink interface (is an insulator and thermal grease used?), and the contact area between the heat sink and the package. once these calculations are complete, the maximum permissible value of r q ja can be calculated and the proper heat sink selected. for further discussion on heat sink selection, see application note athermal management,o document number and8036/d, available through the literature distribution center or via our website at http://onsemi.com.
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 6 package dimensions to220 three lead t suffix case 221a08 issue aa notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. a k l g d n h q f 123 4 t seating plane s r j u t c 3 pl b y m b m 0.25 (0.010) y dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.560 0.625 14.23 15.87 b 0.380 0.420 9.66 10.66 c 0.140 0.190 3.56 4.82 d 0.025 0.035 0.64 0.89 f 0.139 0.155 3.53 3.93 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc h --- 0.280 --- 7.11 j 0.012 0.045 0.31 1.14 k 0.500 0.580 12.70 14.73 l 0.045 0.060 1.15 1.52 n 0.200 bsc 5.08 bsc q 0.100 0.135 2.54 3.42 r 0.080 0.115 2.04 2.92 s 0.020 0.055 0.51 1.39 t 0.235 0.255 5.97 6.47 u 0.000 0.050 0.00 1.27 v v 0.045 --- 1.15 --- d 2 pak 3pin dp suffix case 418e01 issue o t dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.326 0.336 8.28 8.53 b 0.396 0.406 10.05 10.31 c 0.170 0.180 4.31 4.57 d 0.026 0.036 0.66 0.91 e 0.045 0.055 1.14 1.40 f 0.090 0.110 2.29 2.79 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc h 0.098 0.108 2.49 2.74 j 0.018 0.025 0.46 0.64 k 0.204 0.214 5.18 5.44 m 0.055 0.066 1.40 1.68 n 0.000 0.004 0.00 0.10 notes: 1. dimensions and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. b n a k m e c seating plane f h j d 3 pl g t m 0.13 (0.005) m b 123 4 l l 0.045 0.055 1.14 1.40
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 7 package thermal data parameter to220 three lead d 2 pak 3pin unit r q jc typical 1.6 1.6 c/w r q ja typical 50 1050* c/w * depending on thermal properties of substrate. r q ja = r q jc + r q ca
cs52073 http://onsemi.com 8 on semiconductor and are registered trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc (scillc). scillc reserves the right to mak e changes without further notice to any products herein. scillc makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does scillc assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and s pecifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. atypicalo parameters which may be provided in scillc data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including atypicalso must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. scillc does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. scillc products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body , or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the scillc product could create a sit uation where personal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or use scillc products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indem nify and hold scillc and its of ficers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and re asonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized u se, even if such claim alleges that scillc was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. scillc is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employ er. publication ordering information japan : on semiconductor, japan customer focus center 4321 nishigotanda, shinagawaku, tokyo, japan 1410031 phone : 81357402700 email : r14525@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : http://onsemi.com for additional information, please contact your local sales representative. cs52073/d literature fulfillment : literature distribution center for on semiconductor p.o. box 5163, denver, colorado 80217 usa phone : 3036752175 or 8003443860 toll free usa/canada fax : 3036752176 or 8003443867 toll free usa/canada email : onlit@hibbertco.com n. american technical support : 8002829855 toll free usa/canada
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